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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen

芦荟的花语是自尊又自卑的爱。花占卜是你总是背负著一个很大的包袱，裏面装满感情的困扰，令您精神受损，消沉而无生气。其实您是一个很坚强的人，勇於承受挑战和压力，只要您有坚定的意志，一定可以冲破心理障碍，重现昔日的光采。 芦荟中的“芦”字原意是黑的意思，“荟”则是聚集的意思。其名字的由来是因为，芦荟的叶子的汁液是黄褐色的，遇到空气会氧化成黑色，因而取名芦荟。
芦荟环境的改变 生长环境的突然变化，会导致芦荟根本适应不了，因此叶子发黄，生长环境的温度和湿度突然产生变化，或者由于换盆导致的伤根现象，土壤的酸碱性发生了改变等等都可以导致叶子变黄。 解决办法 尽量保持环境的相同，或者渐渐改变它的环境，使其产生一个适应的过程。 芦荟的浇水量 浇水过多，过少都会导致叶子发黄的现象狐仙，叶子逐渐变成淡黄色，黯淡无光，并逐渐发黄凋落。 解决办法 适当浇水，停止施肥，保持土壤的松润和通气，对水肥加强管理。、 芦荟温度的变化 芦荟的生长温度要保持在5-25℃之间，不可过高也不可过低，高了会使芦荟缺乏水分，叶黄脱落；抵了会使叶片冻伤，产生冻害，导致叶子发黄。 解决办法 春秋季节可以适当让芦荟多吸收阳光，夏季高温炎热，不可让植株直接吸收阳光，应当将其放置到有散射光照充足的地方进行养护；冬季则要拿到室内保持一定的温度进行养护。 芦荟施肥 缺乏施肥，缺乏营养，会导致芦荟很难生长发育。 解决办法 在生长养护的过程中应及时对芦荟施加肥料进行养护，比及时倒盆，换入新的培养土施加液肥，保证植株的生长。 芦荟病虫害 病虫害的发生也是导致芦荟叶子变黄的原因，如果出现了黄色斑点，或者很严重的板块，整个叶片都发黄掉落。 解决办法 发现病虫害时候应当尽快喷洒氧化乐果等农药进行防治。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen

在生活和工作中，栽一盆仙人球有吸收电磁辐射的作用。仙人球的呼吸孔在夜间打开，在吸收二氧化碳的同时能大量的放出氧气。在家庭中或办公室中的电器旁摆放这种植物，可有效减少各种电器电子产品产生的电磁辐射污染，使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加，所以，在家庭中或办公室中的电器旁摆放这种植物，能帮助人体尽量的减少计算机所释放的辐射。风水上也有一种说法，将大型的盆栽尖叶植物放在阳台上，可以趋吉避凶。 (仙人球 - 天然氧吧 ) 大多数植物白天进行光合作用，吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气;夜间进行呼吸作用，吸收氧气，释放二氧化碳。而有些植物则相反，如仙人掌就是白天释放二氧化碳，夜间则吸收二氧化碳，释放氧气，这样晚上居室内放有仙人掌，就可补充氧气，利于睡眠，别小看仙人球，人家还是吸附灰尘的高手呢!在室内放置一个仙人球，特别是水培仙人球(因为水培仙人球更清洁环保)，可以起到净化空气的作用。
仙人球浇水过多 原因分析 仙人球的表面如果流出许多的粘液，那么就要注意它根部是否腐烂了。如果根部腐烂，可能就是浇水过多造成的。 处理方法 将根部烂掉的部分切除，将球体放置于通风的地方进行养护，避免阳光的直射，不要浇水，。如果腐烂程度大于⅓，那么恭喜你，获得了“植物杀手”的称号。 仙人球缺水暴晒 原因分析 仙人球的表面发黄呈现出枯萎的状态，应该是长期缺水暴晒导致的。 处理方法 如果遇到这种情况就比较容易处理了，一般只需要浇一浇水，将它移到室内稍微阴凉的地方进行防治，不需要多久的时间，它就又会变成嫩绿的植物了。 仙人球休眠期干扰 原因分析 仙人球有它的生长季节，夏天生长的相对会比较旺盛，到了冬天就会出现休眠期了，这时候如果浇水就会导致烂根。 处理方法 休眠期的仙人球切忌浇水，除掉烂根，将仙人球放置到室内进行静养。 仙人球虫害影响 原因分析 仙人球要注意防止病虫害，如果虫害较为严重，仙人球会出现球体腐烂枯萎的症状。 处理方法 及时除掉虫害，使用杀虫剂进行喷杀。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen

薄荷品种超逾500个，当中最为人所知的有黑胡椒薄荷和绿薄荷，其余的还有苹果薄荷、橘子薄荷、香水薄荷等，大多是以它独有的香气而命名。薄荷是一种充满希望的植物，人生难免有许多错过的人或者事物，能再次相遇、相亲和相爱的机会几乎没有，但越是没有就越是想念，薄荷虽然是一种平淡的花，但它的味道沁人心脾，清爽从每一个毛孔渗进肌肤，身体里每一个细胞都通透了，那是一种很幸福的感觉，会让那些曾经失去过的人得到一丝安慰，所以薄荷的花语是“愿与你再次相逢”和“再爱我一次”。此外，它还有一种花语是"美德"，代表了人的种种美好德行。
薄荷叶子发黄改善方法 薄荷浇水方法 若薄荷出现变皱的情况，浇水就要采取“不干不浇，干则浇透“的原则。 选用清水来进行喷浇，使用家里的淘米水效果最好，因为既可以节约用水，水中又含有丰富营养。 阳光下的薄荷 还应当将皱黄的薄荷叶置于光照充足的地方进行养护，另外室内的通风工作需要做好。 如果不能在室内保证薄荷的光照需求，就需要经过72小时的室内养护后，转移到阳光充足的室外进行1-2天的培育。 在通气受光充分后再移回室内，如果是夏季要对强光环境进行适当地遮阴。 薄荷修剪方法 薄荷的修剪频率在植株长势旺盛时最好定为每周一次，要把弱枝、枯枝和细枝都剪掉。 修剪完成后喷洒新高脂膜来进行有效的消毒，随后放置于阳光充足处，可以帮助剪口处组织的进一步愈合，从而促进新枝的萌发。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This wildflower is a summer annual about 6-12" tall that branches occasionally; it is ascending to erect. The stems are light green, terete, and hairy. The alternate leaves are 1–2½" long and about one-third as much across; they are elliptic to oblong, flat, and smooth along their margins. Both the upper and lower sides are hairy. The upper surface is mediumPlant with Seedpods green, while the lower surface is gray-green. Each leaf has a single central vein that is prominent. The petioles are hairy and short (less than 1/8" or 3 mm. long). Occasionally, racemes of 1-4 flowers are produced oppositely from some of the leaves. The peduncle (central stalk) of each raceme is 1½–4" long, while the short pedicels of the flowers are about 1/8" long (except the pedicel of the terminal flower, which is often longer). Both peduncles and pedicels are hairy. At the base of each raceme, there is a pair of large persistent stipules about ½" long. These stipules are joined together, becoming gradually wider toward their pointed tips. Individual flowers are about 1/3" (8 mm.) long; they have a typical pea-like flower structure: the yellow petals form an upright banner and a projecting keel that is enclosed by a pair of lateral wings. Each calyx is light green and covered with long hairs; it has five long teeth. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall for about 2-3 months. Usually, only a few (if any) flowers are in bloom at the same time. The flowers are replaced by inflated seedpods that are short-oblongoid in shape. The seedpods are initially light green, but they later turn dark brown or black at maturity. Full-sized seedpods are 1–1½" long and about one-third as much across; each seedpod contains several seeds, which can rattle if it is shook. The seeds are distributed in part by the wind, which can blow the inflated seedpods across open ground. The root system consists of a taproot. This wildflower reproduces by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, dry-mesic to dry conditions, and barren soil containing sand, gravel, or clay. This wildflower is intolerant of competition from taller ground vegetation. Range & Habitat: The native Rattlebox is occasional in the southern half of Illinois, while in the northern half of the state it is uncommon or absent (see Distribution Map). Habitats include sand prairies, gravel prairies, clay prairies, sandy and rocky savannas, upland savannas, rocky glades, openings and small meadows in upland woodlands, fallow fields, and areas along railroads. Rattlebox prefers dry open areas with a history of disturbance. Faunal Associations: The flowers are pollinated primarily by long-tongued bees, including bumblebees (Bombus spp.), Carder bees (Anthidium spp.), Cuckoo bees (Coelioxys spp.), and large Leaf-Cutting bees (Megachile spp.). Sometimes the flowers are visited by small butterflies or skippers, but they are less effective at cross-pollination. The caterpillars of Utetheisa bella (Bella Moth) feed on the foliage of Rattlebox. In addition, there have been reports of the butterfly caterpillars of Callophrys irus (Frosted Elfin) and the skipper caterpillars of Erynnis baptisiae (Wild Indigo Duskywing) feeding on the foliage. The foliage of Rattlebox is toxic to herbivorous mammals, particularly horses, and it is generally avoided by them as a food source. However, sometimes White-Tailed Deer chomp off the tops of individual plants.
Photographic Location: An upland woodland opening at Busey Woods in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: This is the only Crotalaria sp. (Rattlebox) in Illinois. There are other species in this genus that are located in the southern and western states; they are often perennials with more showy flowers. Rattlebox is easy to identify when its inflated seedpods are present; they are large in size in relation to the rest of the plant and tend to stand out. There are other legumes that produce inflated seedpods (e.g., Baptisia spp.), but they usually have compound leaves.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This plant is a winter annual (less often, a spring annual) about 1' tall. It consists of a rosette of basal leaves up to 6" across, from which one or flowering stalks develop. The basal leaves are bipinnate to pinnate-pinnatifid; they have long slender petioles. Simple leaflets are divided into 3 or more deep lobes that are oblong-oblanceolate in shape. Compound leaflets are divided into 3 or more subleaflets; individual subleaflets are divided into 3 or more deep lobes that are oblong-oblanceolate in shape. The petiolules (basal stalklets) of the leaflets and subleaflets are very slender and short. The foliage of Large-Bracted Corydalis (both leaves and petioles) is greyish green and glabrous. The flowering stalks are sprawling, ascending, or erect, reaching up to 1¼' in length. Normally, they are unbranched, although occasionally a flowering stalk will branch and develop lateral flowering stalks. These stalks are greyish green and glabrous. Each stalk terminates in a spike-like raceme of several flowers. Each flower has a yellow corolla about ¾" long that is tubular-conical in shape (broader in front than in the back); this corolla consists of 2 outer petals and 2 inner petals. The upper outer petal forms a short upper lip in front that curls upward, and it has a rather long blunt spur in back. The lower outer petal forms a rounded lower lip that functions as a landing pad for visiting insects. The two inner petals are largely hidden by the outer petals, although they can be seen as a white lining within the throat of the corolla. Behind the upper lip of the upper petal, there is a crested protuberance that is greenish yellow to yellow. There is a similar protuberance underneath the lower lip of the lower petal. The sepals of the flowers are small and insignificant. Underneath each flower, there is a single bract about ½" long. This bract is greyish green, glabrous, and either ovate or divided into lobes with short blunt tips. A typical raceme will have some flower buds toward its apex, about 2-8 flowers in bloom near the middle, and developing seedpods below.
The blooming period for plants that are winter annuals occurs during late spring, while plants that are spring annuals bloom during mid-summer. A typical plant will remain in bloom for up to a month. Each seedpod is about 1" long, greyish green, glabrous, cylindrical in shape, and slightly flattened, terminating in a slender beak at its tip; it contains about 6-12 seeds. Relative to the axis of the spike-like raceme, the seedpods are erect to ascending, often bending upward slightly. The small seeds are black, shiny, globoid, and somewhat flattened. Each seed has a dull white elaisome (food appendage) that is laterally attached; the elaisome darkens and withers away with age. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full or partial sun, mesic to dry conditions, and sandy soil. Large-Bracted Corydalis also grows readily in gravelly or loamy soil; if it is grown in moist loamy soil, taller and more aggressive plant species should be kept away from it. Foliar disease and insects are not normally troublesome. The seeds will germinate after a short dormancy period; they can be planted during the fall or early spring.
Range & Habitat: The native Large-Bracted Corydalis is an uncommon plant that occurs in a few counties in western Illinois (see Distribution Map). Prior to 1986, it was incorrectly identified as another species of Corydalis. Recently, several large populations of Large-Bracted Corydalis have been discovered, therefore it is more common in Illinois than previously believed. However, it is still state-listed as 'threatened.' This species is more common in the south-central states; western Illinois lies at the northeast corner of its range. Habitats include sand prairies, sandy fallow fields, and sandy or gravelly areas along roads and railroads (including the ballast). Disturbed areas are preferred, particularly where ant hills occur. Occasional wildfires, sand blow-outs, and overgrazing by herbivores are probably beneficial in maintaining populations of this plant.
Faunal Associations: The flowers are pollinated by bumblebees. The oily appendages of the seeds (elaisomes) attract ants (particularly Pheidole bicarinata), which undoubtedly help to disperse the seeds. The poisonous foliage is avoided by mammalian herbivores. Photographic Location: The wildflower garden of the webmaster in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: Both the flowers and foliage are quite attractive. Large-Bracted Corydalis can be distinguished from other Corydalis spp. by its long yellow flowers (exceeding 2/3" or 15 mm. in length) and their large leafy bracts (exceeding 1/3" or 8 mm. in length). Other Corydalis spp. in Illinois have shorter bracts and/or shorter flowers. Large-Bracted Corydalis also differs from some Corydalis spp. by the crested protuberances behind the lips of its flowers (as opposed to protuberances that lack crests). In contrast to the seedpods of the similar Corydalis aurea (Golden Corydalis), the seedpods of Large-Bracted Corydalis are more erect and they lack constrictions between their seeds (they are not torulose). There are other varieties of Corydalis curvisiliqua, but they occur in states that lie southwest of Illinois.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This plant is a summer annual about 6-20" tall that branches occasionally to frequently; it is usually ascending or erect. The central stem and any lateral stems are terete, slightly angular, or ribbed; they are pale to medium green and more or less pubescent with branched hairs, becoming more glabrous toward the base of the plant. Narrow alternate leaves are spaced moderately to widely along the stems; they are up to 2" long and 1/8" (3 mm.) across. The leaves are medium green, linear in shape, smooth along their margins, thick-textured, and sessile; they have a tendency to be slightly recurved, rather than straight. Similar to the stems, the leaves are slightly pubescent with branched hairs, becoming more glabrous toward the base of the plant. A single prominent vein extends along the length of each leaf. The upper stems terminate in floral spikes of flowers about 1-6" long and a little less than ½" across. Individual flowers are perfect, consisting of a single sepal, an ovary with a short bifurcated style, and 1-3 stamens; there are no petals. These tiny flowers are largely hidden by their ascending bracts, which are about ½" long, ovate to lanceolate in shape, pubescent, and membranous along their margins. The blooming period occurs from late summer into the fall. The flowers are wind-pollinated. They are replaced by flattened vertical achenes that are 2.5-4.5 mm. long and 2-3.5 mm. across. Each achene is ovate to obovate with a narrow winged margin about 0.2-0.3 mm. across; it contains a single seed. The achenes are distributed by the wind. The root system consists of a taproot. This plant spreads by reseeding itself. Cultivation: The preference is full sun, mesic to dry conditions, and very sandy soil. Most growth and development occurs during the summer. Range & Habitat: The native American Bugseed is a rare plant in Illinois; it is found along Lake Michigan and scattered localities elsewhere within the northern half of the state (see Distribution Map). Habitats include beaches and sand dunes along Lake Michigan, sand dunes along the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers, dry sand prairies, sandy hill prairies, sandy areas along railroads, and barren waste areas. This plant prefers disturbed sandy areas that are subject to wind erosion where vegetation is sparse. Faunal Associations: Two grasshopper species, Melanoplus foedus (Foedus Grasshopper) and Melanoplus packardii (Packard's Grasshopper), sometimes feed on the foliage of bugseed (Corispermum). These grasshoppers are found in west-central and northwest Illinois. Information about floral-faunal relationships for this genus is very limited and more field work is needed.
Photographic Location: Sand dunes along Lake Michigan in Indiana Dunes State Park. Comments: This is one of the typical beach plants along southern Lake Michigan. For a long time, most authorities regarded this plant as an introduced European species, Corispermum hyssopifolium (Hyssop-Leaved Bugseed), but there is growing archeological evidence that bugseed has been present in North America for thousands of years. Because of minor differences in the characteristics of North American herbarium specimens from their counterparts in Europe, several native species of bugseed have been described. One of these is the plant that is described here, Corispermum americanum (American Bugseed). Another species in this genus that is sometimes found in Illinois, Corispermum nitidum (Shiny Bugseed), has more narrow floral bracts that reveal its winged achenes. The bracts of American Bugseed, in contrast, hide most of its winged achenes from outside observation.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This perennial herbaceous plant is 3-8' tall and usually unbranched, except for flowering stems along the upper one-half of its length. The central stem and more slender upper stems are light green, terete, longitudinally veined, glabrous, and sometimes glaucous. Pairs of opposite leaves occur along the entire length of the plant, although they are more common and larger in size along the lower one-half of its length. A few solitary leaves or leafy bracts may occur alternately along the uppermost stems or flowering stalks. These leaves are ascending, widely spreading, or slightly drooping. Most leaves are odd-pinnate with 3 or 5 leaflets. Individual leaflets are up to 5" long and ¾" across; they are linear-elliptic to elliptic in shape, while their margins are entire (toothless) and often short-ciliate. The bases of leaflets are wedge-shaped, while their tips are acute. The lateral leaflets are sessile, while the terminal leaflets have petiolules (basal stalklets) less than ¼" long. The upper leaf surfaces are medium green and glabrous or nearly, while the lower leaf surfaces are light green and minutely pubescent. The petioles of leaves are up to 1½" long and light green. The upper stems terminate in solitary to cyme-like clusters of flowerheads; flowering stalks also develop from the axils of upper leaves. Collectively, these flowerheads form a rather large and open compound inflorescence that is somewhat flat-headed. Peduncles of these flowerheads are up to 10" long, light green, terete, and glabrous. One or two leafy bracts may occur along the branches and peduncles of this inflorescence; these bracts are up to 1" long and linear-elliptic in shape. Each flowerhead spans about 1½–2" across, consisting of 8 sterile ray florets that surround a dense head of numerous fertile disk florets. The petaloid rays of the flowerheads are yellow, oblong-elliptic in shape, and widely spreading. The corollas of the disk florets are about 5 mm. long, tubular in shape, 4-5 lobed, and dark purple to maroon (reddish brown). The corolla lobes are triangular in shape and spreading to slightly recurved.
Surrounding the base of the flowerhead, there is a single series of 8 phyllaries (inner floral bracts). These phyllaries are 6-8 mm. long, ovate in shape with recurved tips, and brownish yellow during the blooming period. Below the phyllaries, there are about 8 outer floral bracts. These bracts are linear in shape and ascending; they are joined together at a shallow cup-like base. Both the bracts and cup-like base are green and glabrous (or nearly so). The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early autumn, lasting about 1 month for a colony of plants. There is no noticeable floral scent. Afterwards, the disk florets are replaced by achenes. These achenes are 4-5 mm. long, brown, broadly oblong or oblanceolate-oblong in shape, flattened, and narrowly winged along their lateral sides. The apices of mature achenes are truncate, lacking tufts of hairs or persistent scales (immature achenes have paired scales that are early-deciduous). The root system is fibrous and long-rhizomatous, often forming loose colonies of clonal plants. Older plants may develop small woody caudices.
Cultivation: The preference is full to partial sun and moist to mesic conditions. This plant isn't particular about soil type, and can be found growing in soil containing substantial amounts of loam, clay-loam, gravel, or sand. Tall Coreopsis tolerates competition from other plants and it is easy to grow. In moist disturbed locations, it can become aggressive. Mature plants tolerate some drought, and foliar disease is rarely a significant problem. Range & Habitat: The native Tall Coreopsis is occasional to fairly common in most counties of Illinois, but it is uncommon or absent in the NW and SE sections of the state (see Distribution Map). Habitats include black soil prairies, cemetery prairies, sand prairies, typical savannas and sandy savannas, thickets, edges of seeps, thinly wooded bluffs, meadows in wooded areas, limestone glades, abandoned fields, areas along railroads, and roadsides. Tall Coreopsis occurs in moderately disturbed to high quality habitats. It responds well to fire in areas that have been invaded by shrubby vegetation and trees.
Faunal Associations: The nectar and pollen of the flowerheads attract a variety of insects, including bumblebees, cuckoo bees (Triepeolus spp.), digger bees (Melissodes spp.), leaf-cutting bees (Megachile spp.), Halictid bees (Halictus spp., Lasioglossum spp.), dagger bees (Calliopsis spp., Heterosarus spp.), thread-waisted wasps (Ammophila spp.) and other wasps, Syrphid flies, bee flies (Bombyliidae), Tachinid flies, butterflies, skippers, and the Goldenrod Soldier Beetle (Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus); see Robertson (1929). Other insects feed destructively on the plant juices, flowerheads, and other parts of Tall Coreopsis and other Coreopsis spp. These species include the Ragweed Leaf Beetle (Calligrapha bidenticola) and Coreopsis Leaf Beetle (Calligrapha californica coreopsivora), the Red-spotted Aster Mirid (Polymerus basalis), an aphid (Uroleucon reynoldense), and the larvae of such moths as the Dimorphic Gray (Tornos scolopacinarius, Wavy-lined Emerald (Synchlora aerata), and Common Tan Wave (Pleuroprucha insulsaria). Larvae of the latter two moths feed on the flowerheads; see Clark et al. (2004), Knight (1941), Blackman & Eastop (2013), Covell (1984/2005), and Wagner (2005) for more information. Mammalian herbivores occasionally browse on the foliage of Tall Coreopsis, especially the tender growth of young plants earlier in the year.
Photographic Location: The photographs were taken at the Red Bison Railroad Prairie in Savoy, Illinois, and the Loda Cemetery Prairie in the southwest corner of Iroquois County, Illinois. Comments: Tall Coreopsis (Coreopsis tripteris) is more impressive when it occurs in loose colonies, rather than as a stand-alone specimen. Each plant has a tendency to sway with the passage of every breeze during a sunny afternoon, exerting a hypnotic effect. Tall Coreopsis can be distinguished from other Coreopsis spp. in Illinois by its greater height, later period of bloom, and flowerheads with dark purple or maroon centers. In contrast, most Coreopsis spp. have flowerheads with yellow centers. Because of its greater height, Tall Coreopsis could be confused with one of the sunflowers (Helianthus spp.), but it is readily distinguished from them by its odd-pinnate leaves. In contrast, sunflowers have simple leaves.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月21日
Miss Chen
Description: This is an annual wildflower about 1½–3' tall that branches occasionally. The stems are medium green and glabrous. The leaves are up to 6" long and 4" across (excluding the petioles); they are simple- or double-pinnate, medium green, and glabrous. The leaflets (or lobes) are up to 2" long and less than ¼" across; they are linear, linear-lanceolate, or linear-oblanceolate. The upper stems terminate in flowerheads that individually span about 1-2" across. Each flowerhead has 6-12 ray florets that surround numerous disk florets. The ray florets are reddish brown toward the center of the flowerhead, but become golden yellow toward their tips; less often, they may be reddish brown throughout. Each ray floret becomes wider toward its tip, which is divided into 3 large teeth. The tiny disk florets have corollas that are reddish brown and tubular in shape; each corolla has 4 tiny teeth along its upper rim. The base of each flowerhead is surrounded by glabrous brown bracts (phyllaries); the outer bracts at the very bottom of the flowerhead are small and triangular in shape, while the inner bracts are much larger in size and ovate in shape. The blooming period occurs from mid-summer to early fall and lasts about 1-2 months. The fertile disk florets are replaced by small achenes that lack tufts of hair. The root system is fibrous. This wildflower reproduces by reseeding itself. Cultivation: Preferred growing conditions consist of full sun and moist to mesic sandy soil. However, other kinds of soil are readily tolerated, including those that contain loam, clay-loam, or some gravel. Depending on the cultivar or local ecotype, there is considerable variability in the size of flowerheads and the height of plants. Range & Habitat: Plains Coreopsis has naturalized in scattered locations throughout Illinois, where it is generally uncommon (see Distribution Map). This introduced species is native to the region of the Great Plains in North America; most local populations in Illinois are descendants of plants that have escaped from cultivation. Habitats include sand prairies, rocky glades, areas along railroads, roadsides, and waste areas, particularly where the soil is rather barren. This species is cultivated in gardens because of the attractive flowerheads. Faunal Associations: The flowerheads of Coreopsis spp. provide nectar and pollen to a wide variety of insects, including long-tongued bees, short-tongued bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, skippers, and beetles. The caterpillars of the moths Synchlora aerata (Wavy-Lined Emerald) and Tornos scolopacinarius (Dimorphic Gray) feed on the foliage of Coreopsis spp. and similar plants. Another insect that feeds on the foliage of these species is the leaf beetle, Calligrapha californica, which has been found specifically on Plains Coreopsis.
Photographic Location: A flower garden at the Arboretum of the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois. Comments: During the blooming period, Plains Coreopsis produces showy flowerheads in abundance. This species can be distinguished from other wildflowers by the ray florets of its flowerheads, which are yellow-maroon or maroon (reddish brown). Sometimes the ray florets of Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) and Rudbeckia fulgida (Orange Coneflower) are partially maroon, but their ray florets have narrow tips that lack large teeth. Furthermore, the leaves of these latter species are not pinnately divided, unlike those of Plains Coreopsis. Other Coreopsis spp. in Illinois are perennial plants; they have ray florets that are yellow throughout. Another common name of Coreopsis tinctoria is Golden Coreopsis.
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Miss Chen
2017年12月20日
Miss Chen

万年青别名白河车，是多年生常绿草本植物，原产于中国南方和日本，是人见人爱的优良观赏植物，在中国有悠久的栽培历史，其汉语名称“蒀”，意为“性好温暖的草本植物”。能在室内的盆栽植物，很有观赏性。
长久脱肥导致的叶子发黄 万年青长期没有施氮肥或未换盆换水，水中氮素等营养元素缺乏，导致枝叶瘦弱，叶薄而黄。如果是水培的万年青需及时换入新的培养水逐渐增施稀薄腐熟液肥或复合花肥。 施肥过量导致的叶子发黄 施肥过多就会出现万年青新叶肥厚，且多凹凸不平，老叶干尖焦黄脱落，应立即停止施肥，增加换水量，使肥料流失掉，或立即倒盆，用水冲洗球根后再重新栽入盆内。 炎热高温导致的叶子发黄 若将花卉放在高温处让强光直晒，极易引起幼叶叶尖和叶缘枯焦，或叶黄脱落。需及时移至通风良好的阴凉处。 蔽荫过度导致的叶子发黄 若将花卉长期放在蔽荫处或光线不足的地方，就会导致枝叶发黄。 水土偏碱导致的叶子发黄 由于水中缺乏可被其吸收的可溶性铁等元素，万年青叶片就会逐渐变黄。栽植时要选用酸性水土，生长期间经常浇矾肥水。 密不通风导致的叶子发黄 若施氮肥过多，万年青枝叶长得过于茂盛，加上长期未修剪，致使内膛枝叶光线不足，容易引起叶片发黄脱落。应合理施肥并加强修剪，使之通风透光。 空气干燥导致的叶子发黄 室内空气过分干燥时，花卉往往会出现叶尖干枯或叶缘焦枯等现象。应注意采取喷水、套塑料薄膜罩等法增加空气湿度，预防叶子发黄的现象发生。 温度不当导致的叶子发黄 冬季室温过低，花卉受到寒害，因而导致叶片发黄，严重时枯黄而死。若室温过高，植株蒸腾作用过盛，根部水分养分供不应求，也会使叶片变黄。应请注意及时调整室温。 病虫害导致的叶子发黄 受到真菌等病菌侵害引起的叶斑病，易使叶片局部坏死，出现黄色斑点或斑块，严重时整叶枯黄脱落，受到花叶病毒侵染后叶片上出现黄绿相嵌的斑驳；遭受介壳虫、红蜘蛛等危害。 强性刺激导致的叶子发黄 防治病虫害时使用农药浓度过大，或者受到大气中有毒气体污染，或者气温高时骤然浇灌冷水等，均易引起叶尖或叶面局部发黄焦枯，甚至全株枯死。因此应注意合理使用农药，设法排除空气污染源。盛夏避免在中午前后用冷水浇花。 万年青的叶子发黄有时是一种原因引起的，但多数时是由多种因素造成的。所以应作出正确诊断，方能对症下药。
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Miss Chen
2017年12月20日
Miss Chen

蟹爪兰嫩绿色，新出茎节带红色，主茎圆，易木质化，分枝多，呈节状，刺座上有刺毛，花着生于茎节顶部刺座上。常见栽培品种有大红、粉红、杏黄、和纯白色。因节径连接形状如螃蟹的副爪。叶状茎扁平多节，肥厚，卵圆形，鲜绿色，先端截形，边缘具粗锯齿。花着生于茎的顶端，花被开张反卷，花色有淡紫、黄、红、纯白、粉红、橙和双色等。
蟹爪兰叶子发黄原因 蟹爪兰叶子变黄无非就是所处环境与理想环境相差过大，如养分不足、湿度过小、寒流侵袭、土壤板结，病虫害，盆土过干，大家可以根据这些原因一一排除。 有两个重要的致病因素值得大家注意，蟹爪兰花后会经历一段时间的休眠期，植株停止生长，此时浇水过多，导致盆土潮湿，叶子发黄。 春夏季节光照较强，室外养护时若不遮阴，叶子也会发黄。 蟹爪兰叶子发黄处理办法 合理施肥 蟹爪兰对肥料的需求不大，进入育蕾期需及时补充肥料，以促进花芽正常分化。缺肥时直接到去买磷酸二氢钾，直接兑水浇灌，记住浓度要低。 控制水量 浇水要有所节制，不能浇水太勤，盆土表面干则浇水。冬季根据盆土浇水，只干不湿。 湿度适中 室内养护蟹爪兰不能让植株离暖气片上或空调的出风口太近，否则叶面水分蒸发较快，叶片脱水，渐渐的整个植株萎蔫发黄。 害虫防治 蟹爪兰的主要害虫是红蜘蛛、蚧壳虫，一经发现及时摘除叶片并用药物喷杀。 休眠 蟹爪兰一年中会有两次生长期和两次半休眠期，根据生长规律浇水，不同时期放在不同位置。休眠期注意控水停肥。
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