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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - To 1.2m tall, branching, glabrous, glaucous.
Leaves - Alternate, trifoliolate, petiolate. Leaflets oblong, obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, to 4cm long, glabrous, glaucous. Stipules at base of petioles to 15mm long, acuminate. Inflorescence - Terminal raceme to +40cm long.

Flowers - Papilionaceous, pedicillate. Corolla purple with some white, total length to +3cm. Stamens free. Fruit - Inflated, to 6cm long, 1-2cm in diameter, with small beak. Flowering - April - June. Habitat - Slopes, glades, rocky prairies. Also cultivated. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - The leaves of this and other species of Baptisia turn black quickly upon being picked. The seeds inside the inflated fruit rattle nicely if the pod is dry. Many a scout have been spooked into thinking rattlesnakes were close by with this plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To 1m tall, herbaceous, branching in apical 1/2, moderately antrorse pubescent (densely in inflorescence), erect, from rhizomes and thickened roots, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, clasping, auriculate. Internodes below the inflorescence 2-3cm long. Blades entire, acute, oblong, to +6cm long, 1.5-2cm broad, scabrous, sparse pubescent above, more so below. Leaves greatly reduced in inflorescence to bracts. Lower cauline leaves typically dried by anthesis. Inflorescence - Terminal flower heads in a loose paniculate arrangement. Peduncles long, with greatly reduced leaves, striate. Involucre - Cylindric, to 5-6mm long, 4-5mm in diameter. Phyllaries imbricate, glandular pubescent and puberulent, just the apices spreading and often reddish-purple, glabrous internally in the basal 2/3, with scarious margins and a green midrib, acuminate, 4-5mm long, 1-1.2mm broad, linear-oblong.
Ray flowers - Flowers 15-20 per head, fertile, pistillate. Ligules blue, to +1cm long, 2-2.5mm broad, minutely 3-lobed at apex (use a lens to see), glabrous. Corolla tube pubescent, whitish, 4-5mm long. Style exserted from beyond the corolla tube, white, glabrous. Stigmas yellow, 1.1mm long. Achenes quadrangular, white, densely retrorse ciliate, 1mm long in flower. Pappus of barbellate capillary bristles to 5mm long. Bristles tan to cinnamon. Disk flowers - Disk 5-9mm broad. Corolla pale yellow, to 6mm long, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, mostly erect, .8mm long, yellow. Stamens 5, slightly exserted, adnate at the base of the corolla tube. Filaments thin, glabrous, translucent. Anthers yellow to tan, to 2mm long, connate around the style. Style bifurcate, exserted slightly beyond the anthers, glabrous, translucent. Stigmas yellow, slightly compressed, 1.5mm long, pubescent in apical 1/2. Achenes and pappus as in ray flowers. Receptacle flat, naked.
Flowering - August - October. Habitat - Rocky and sandy open woods, thickets, glades. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This attractive species can be found in the southern 1/2 of Missouri. The plant is fairly easy to ID (for an Aster) because of its big blue flower heads and hairy stems, which have long internodes. Aster novae-angliae L. is similar but has much shorter internodes and flower heads with many more ray flowers. A. oblongifolius Nutt. is very similar also but has many more cauline leaves below the branching of the inflorescence and more spreading hairs on its stems.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To 1.5m tall, single or multiple from base, from short thick rhizome, simple to branching above near apex, hirsute and short glandular pubescent, herbaceous, erect.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, clasping, auriculate, oblong to lanceolate, entire, to +8cm long, 2cm wide, variously pubescent above and below, reduced in inflorescence. Auricles rounded. Cauline leaves less than 1.5cm apart, dense on stem. Inflorescence - Dense paniculate cluster terminating stem. Peduncles dense glandular pubescent. Each division of inflorescence subtended by a foliaceous bract. Involucre - +/-5mm tall(long), +/-6mm in diameter. Phyllaries green to purplish, linear-attenuate, dense glandular pubescent, 1mm broad, +/-8mm long.
Ray flowers - Fertile. Ligules purple, to 1.5cm long, -2mm broad, glabrous. Style purple. Pappus of capillary bristles to -4mm long. Achene sericeous, 1mm long (in flower). Disk flowers - Corolla tube to 5mm long, glabrous, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, orange-yellow to reddish, -1mm long. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments translucent, glabrous. Anthers yellow, exserted, connate around style, 2mm long. Style to 7mm long, exserted, glabrous. Stigmas pubescent. Achene sericeous, whitish, 1.1mm long(in flower), 2mm long in fruit. Pappus of capillary bristles, 5mm long. Receptacle flat.
Flowering - Typically September - October, but I have seen the plant flower as early as July. Habitat - Moist soils along lakes, streambanks, roadsides, railroads. Also widely cultivated. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found throughout most of Missouri but is absent in the prairie sections of the west-central portion of the state. The plant is the most showy of all the Aster species in the state and does very well in cultivation. A. novae-angliae is very easy to identify because of the dense number of leaves it has on its stems, as well as its big flower heads. Another species, A. patens Ait., is similar but the this plant has cauline leaves which are more widely spaced on the stem and flower heads with fewer ray flowers(15-30). A. patens is also differentiated by the fact that it grows in drier soils of more upland regions.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - Single or (rarely) multiple from the base, erect, herbaceous, simple, retrorse pubescent, pale green to yellowish, thin, 1-3mm in diameter, terete.
Leaves - Alternate, dense on the stem, linear to somewhat spatulate (slightly broader at the apex), with a minute bristle tip, scabrous, with strigillose margins, shiny deep green above, lighter below, 2-3cm long, 2-3mm broad, slightly shorter and thicker in strong sun, abruptly reduced just below the flower heads. Inflorescence - Single (typically) flowerhead terminating the stem. Involucre - To 1cm long, 4-5mm in diameter, cylindrical. Phyllaries glabrous, imbricate, appressed, to 7mm long, +/-1mm broad, linear, scarious, with a white midrib and light green apices, acute. Apices ciliolate.
Ray flowers - +/-14 per flowerhead, fertile, pistillate. Corolla tube green, 3mm long, antrorse pubescent near the apex. Style glabrous, green-translucent, 3mm long, bifurcate in the apical 1mm. Stigmas erect. Pappus white, of capillary bristles. Bristles to 5mm long, antrorse barbellate. Achenes whitish, 3mm long in flower, densely antrorse pubescent. Disk flowers - Disk 4-5mm in diameter. Corollas glabrous, 6mm long, white basally, yellow apically , 5-lobed. Lobes acute, 1mm long, erect to slightly spreading. Stamens 5, adnate at the base of the corolla tube. Filaments glabrous, 4mm long, pale yellow-translucent. Anthers yellow, 2mm long, included to partially exserted, connate around the style. Style bifurcate, glabrous, yellowish at the apex, whitish basally, +/-4mm long. Stigmas 1.5mm long erect. Pappus as in ray flowers. Achenes as in ray flowers but slightly smaller.
Flowering - August - October. Habitat - Dry, rocky pine, pine-oak, or oak-hickory woods. Also on glades and upland slopes. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This little species can be found in the southern 1/3 of Missouri. The plant is probably the easiest in the genus to identify because of its thin leaves (which appear somewhat whorled), its single terminal flowerhead on each stem, its small size, and its habitat. Plants growing in clear-cut areas can get multiple stems from the base and grow more robust than plants in wooded areas. The typical habit of the plant is shown above.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To 1m tall, glabrous to hispidulous, single from the base, typically simple in the lower 1/2, terete, erect, herbaceous.
Leaves - Alternate. Basal leaves long petiolate, the petiole to +15cm long. Blades of basal leaves cordate to truncate or abruptly narrowed at base, very scabrous above and below, to 10cm long, 7cm wide. Middle and upper cauline leaves greatly reduced as compared to basal leaves, 2-10mm broad, sessile, appearing as linear bracts near inflorescence.
Inflorescence - Loosely paniculate, open, many flowered(+75) but the flowers opening at different times. Involucre - 4.5-7mm tall (long), cylindric. Phyllaries imbricate, lanceolate, appressed, mostly whitish with distinct rhombic green tips, margins minutely ciliolate. Ray flowers - Ligules blue, to 9mm long, typically +/- 15 per flower head. Disk flowers - Disk 4-5mm broad. Corollas yellow, small, 15-30 per head. Achenes glabrous, +/-1mm long. Pappus of capillary bristles, +2.5mm long.
Flowering - September - October. Habitat - Open woods, prairies, pastures, glades, roadsides. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This little but showy species can be found scattered throughout much of Missouri. Steyermark wrote, however, that it is found in less than half the counties in the state. The plant is easy to identify because of its leaves, which are very scabrous - almost like sandpaper. The small blue flowers and green diamond-tipped phyllaries help also. Plants with glabrous stems can be growing right next to those with hispidulous stems so stem pubescence is NOT a good character to use for identification.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - To -1m tall, erect, herbaceous, terete, from a slightly elongated woody caudex and slightly thickened roots, puberulent (the trichomes multicellular), somewhat scabrous, green, typically simple at the base, widely branching in the apical 1/2 (the inflorescence).
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Basal rosette leaves similar to cauline leaves. Petioles to +/-4cm long, puberulent as the stem, narrowly winged by decurrent blade tissue. Wings 1mm or less broad, forming an adaxial groove on the petiole. Blades ovate to lanceolate, cordate to truncate at the base, entire or with a few coarse teeth, attenuate, to 8-9cm long, 3-4cm broad, slightly reduced upward. Leaves in inflorescence reduced to linear bracts and typically somewhat recurved. Blades soft puberulent, more so abaxially (again with multicellular trichomes). Inflorescence - Single flower heads terminating branches of the inflorescence. Flowers of the inflorescence typically open and sparse but sometimes dense as seen below: Involucre - Cylindric, 7-8mm long (tall), 5-7mm in diameter. Phyllaries imbricate, linear, strongly recurved, puberulent, 5-8mm long, +/-1mm broad, green, with a callous translucent bristle tip. Tip to .4mm long.
Ray flowers - +/-23 per head, fertile, pistillate. Corolla tube to 4mm long, white, mostly glabrous externally or with a few appressed hairs. Ligule lilac, +/-1.6cm long, -3mm broad, glabrous or with a few appressed hairs at the base abaxially. Style white, glabrous, +/-5mm long, yellow at the apex, bifurcate. Stigmas to 1.2mm long. Pappus of numerous capillary bristles. Bristles white, antrorse barbellate, +/-4mm long. Disk flowers - Disk 5-6mm broad. Corollas 5-6mm long, contracted and white in the basal 1/2, expanded and yellow in upper 1/2, glabrous inside and out, 5-lobed. Lobes acute, spreading, .7mm long. Stamens 5, adnate at the apex of the constricted portion of the corolla tube. Filaments translucent, +/-2mm long, terete. Anthers yellow, 1.3mm long, partially to entirely exserted, connate around the style. Style white, terete, glabrous, 5-6mm long. Stigmas yellow, 1mm long, not spreading, pubescent at the apex. Achenes of rays broader than those of disk flowers, glabrous, white, compressed, with 5 thick and evident veins (ribs). Receptacle flat, naked.
Flowering - July - November. Habitat - Dry and rocky open woods, thickets, roadsides. Typically on acid soils. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This showy species is one of the most common blue-flowered Asters in the Ozark region and in Missouri. The plant can be seen in profusion along roadsides through the Ozarks and is found in nearly all the upland wooded habitats there. It is, however, absent from the extreme southeast and northwest corners of the state. This species can be differentiated from the other blue-flowered Asters because of its soft pubescent leaves and recurved phyllaries. The leaves of other species have a scratchy texture to them. A. anomalus has just about the softest leaves of them all. If you are in doubt about which cordate-leaved Aster you are looking at, just remember - "There is nothing softer than anomalus." The narrowly-winged petioles also help to ID this species. Other similar Asters have much broader wings on their petioles.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Apocynaceae Stems - To -1m tall, erect to ascending, simple or branching near apex, glabrous, glaucous, herbaceous, from thick woody roots, with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate, short-petiolate, (becoming sessile below). Petioles to -1cm long. Blades lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate at apex, to 2cm broad, 12cm long, sparse villous below, shiny green and glabrous above(or with sparse pubescence on midrib).
Inflorescence - Dense terminal cymes which as a whole are cylindrical to subpyramidal in shape. Entire inflorescence to +/-15cm tall. Flowers - Corolla light blue-purple, 5-lobed, with dense multicellular intertwined hairs at summit internally, with dense retrorse pubescence below point of filament attachment. Corolla tube to 7mm long, glabrous near base externally, pubescent to villous in upper half. Lobes to 9mm long, 3mm broad, narrowly oblong to linear-lanceolate. Stamens 5, alternating with corolla lobes, adnate to corolla tube near apex. Filaments .6mm long. Anthers yellow-orange, -1mm long. Style glabrous, 5mm long. Stigma capitate, winged at base. Carpels 2. Calyx tube to 1mm long, 5-lobed, sparse pubescent. Lobes subequal, to 1.5mm long, slightly scarious margined, acute, pubescent. Follicles to 12cm long, many seeded, drooping at maturity.
Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Rocky ground along bluffs and streambanks, gravel bars. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This plant is quite striking when in flower and is becoming popular in cultivation. The shiny green leaves and dense flower clusters are very attractive. Another species, A. tabernaemontana Walt., looks similar but has dull leaves which are more broad than A. illustris, loose flower clusters, and calices which are glabrous. You can view this plant in this same section of this website.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Twining, herbaceous, antrorse or spreading pubescent.
Leaves - Alternate, trifoliolate, petiolate. Stipules at base of petiole 3mm wide, 4mm long. Leaflets ovate to rhombic, variously pubescent to glabrous, entire, to 10cm long, often asymetrical at base, with tiny stipules at base of petiolules. Petiolule of center leaflet much longer than those of lateral leaflets.
Inflorescence - Pendant, axillary racemes. Flowers - Chasmogamous flowers to 1.5cm long, papilionaceous. Corolla purplish to plain white. Stamens diadelphous. Calyx of 5 sepals united more than half there length, upper two sepals united for entire length creating a 4-lobed calyx to 5mm long.
Fruits - (Of chasmogamous flowers) - To 4cm long, flattened, with 3-4 seeds, oblong-linear. Fruits (of cleistogamous flowers) - 1 seeded, pyriform. Flowering - August - October. Habitat - Open woods, thickets, moist slopes. Origin - Native to tropical America. Also cultivated. Other info. - The fruits produced from the upper flowers should not be eaten. The lower fruits, however, are edible when cooked. The genus name means "two types(kinds) of fruit". Steyermark lists two varieties for the species. Variety bracteata has the antrorse pubescence and the terminal leaflet is up to 6cm long. Variety comosa (L.) Fern. has spreading pubescence and the terminal leaflet is up to 10cm long. Both are equally common.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Woody, multiple. A shrub to +3m tall. Young branches pubescent.
Leaves - Alternate, odd-pinnate. Leaflets typically oblong, entire, mucronate, opposite, pubescent to glabrous above and below.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary racemes to +15cm long, +/-1.3cm in diameter. Pedicels to 3mm long. Flowers - Corolla of single petal, deep violet-purple, to 5mm long. Petal falsely tubular and surrounding other floral organs. Stamens 10, monodelphous, slightly exserted. Filaments glabrous, white, 4-5mm long. Anthers orange, .6mm long. Style purplish, pubescent, 5mm long, exserted. Fruits to 7mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Calyx pubescent, tubular, campanulate, 2.5mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes unequal, shallow. Lowest lobe acute.
Flowering - May - June. Habitat - Moist ground, gravel bars. Also cultivated. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This striking shrub can be found throughout Missouri. I believe Steyermark lists 5 varieties for this plant mostly based on leaf and stem pubescence. I won't go into those here. There is also a hybrid plant between A. fruticosa and A. canescens. This plant is called Amorpha X notha Palmer. The genus name means "without shape", referring to the single-petaled corolla.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月28日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - To 1m tall, ascending to erect, from rhizomes or a woody crown, woody below, multiple from base, typically simple, canescent above, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent below, striate-nerved.
Leaves - Alternate, odd-pinnate, stipulate. Stipules linear, purplish, fugacious, to 3mm long. Leaves to +/-8 cm long, the rachis canescent. Leaflets alternate to opposite, stipellate. Stipels small, (1mm long), purple, thin and dry. Petiolules to 1mm long, canescent. Leaflets entire, typically linear-oblong to lanceolate-ovate, mucronate, rounded at the base, with single midrib, canescent, to +/-1.6cm long, 5mm broad, +/-14 pairs per leaf. Terminal leaflet smaller than laterals, cuneate at base, truncate at apex, mucronate.
Inflorescence - Multiple terminal and axillary racemes, indeterminate, pedunculate, to 25cm long, near apex of stems. Axis of racemes canescent. Pedicels to -1mm long. Flowers - Corolla purple-violet, of a single petal. Petal folded around other floral organs, 4-5mm long. Stamens 10, exserted, monodelphous. Filaments purple, glabrous, 5mm long. Anthers orange, .6mm broad. Style 2.5mm long, purplish, compressed, canescent. Stigma glabrous, 3-lobed, purplish. Ovary superior, green, .75mm long, with floccose hairs at apex. Calyx tube to 2mm long, with 5 lobes (teeth), canescent. Teeth to 2mm long, .5mm broad, reddish-purple, canescent.
Flowering - May - August. Habitat - Prairies, open woods, slopes, roadsides, railroads, waste ground. Also cultivated. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species of Amorpha is easily recognized because of its dense canescence (gray hairiness). It is cultivated because of its striking floral display and gray foliage and stems. The fruits are small, reaching a length of 5mm. This species is also edible. The plant shown above is form canescens, which has the typical dense pubescence. Another form, form glabrata (Gray) Fassett, has leaves which have few to no hairs on the lower surface.
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