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花园 (6)
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Magnoliaceae Stems - Woody, from taproot. A tree to +12m but typically smaller in our area, with single trunk or few smaller trunks, to +/-40cm in diameter. Branches glabrous, lower branches spreading at almost 90 degrees to main stem.
Leaves - Alternate, mostly near apex of branches, petiolate, deciduous, larger than any other native U.S. tree. Petiole to -15cm, pubescent, thick. Blade to 75cm long, 35cm broad, glaucous (especially below), glabrous above, pubescent below, entire, obovate, blunt to subacute at apex, with two rounded auricles at base. Inflorescence - Single terminal flower on short peduncle.
Flower - To +/-25cm broad, +/-15cm tall, with six petals, fragrant. Petals in two ranks. Inner rank slightly larger than outer, to +/-15cm long, +/-7cm broad, glabrous, with purple blotch base. Stamens many, densely whorled around receptacle. Filaments curved, to +1.2cm long, yellow-tan, glabrous, falling easily and early. Anthers yellow-tan, 2-3mm long. Carpels many at apex of receptacle, pubescent, yellow-tan with purplish tips. Apex of carpels slightly spreading. Sepals 3, typically falling early, smaller and more broad than petals, greenish, with tips recurved, glabrous internally, glabrous to pubescent externally. Flowers larger than any other native U.S. species.
Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Cultivated in our area but prefers moist shaded area. Origin - Native to southeast U.S. Other info. - This is a fine plant. The big leaves and flowers make it a very desirable ornamental. The tree is planted throughout the eastern U.S. as far north as New England but is native only to small portions of Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, and the Carolinas. The species name means "big leaf". The members of the Magnoliaceae are the most primitive of the flowering plants.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Primulaceae Stems - To +/-80cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glandular pubescent above, red at nodes, typically simple, single or multiple from base, rhizomatous.
Leaves - Alternate, petiolate. Blade lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, entire, cuneate at base, glabrous, to +15cm long, +3cm broad, rugose above (less so below). Inflorescence - Dense terminal indeterminate raceme to +/-20cm long, +/-4cm in diameter. Raceme typically nodding to horizontal with apex upcurved to horizontal. Pedicels to 6mm long, each subtended by one linear-attenuate bract. Bracts to 1cm long. Bracts and pedicels glandular pubescent.
Flowers - Corolla white, 5-lobed. Corolla tube to 3mm long, purplish at base internally, glandular pubescent at apex. Lobes to 6mm long, 3.5mm broad, rounded to subacute, glabrous. Stamens 5, adnate at apex of corolla tube, opposite the corolla lobes, erect. Filaments glandular pubescent, 1.2mm long, light purple near apex. Anthers .9mm long, whitish to brownish. Style -1mm long. Stigma 2-lobed, dark green. Ovary green, superior, 1mm long, glabrous, unilocular, ovules many. Calyx tube to 1.5mm long, 5-lobed, glandular pubescent. Lobes to 2mm long, erect, glandular pubescent. Flowering - May - July.
Habitat - Cultivated. Origin - Native to Asia. Other info. - This attractive perennial is commonly cultivated in Missouri. Unfortunately, it is quite aggressive and care should be taken to ensure it does not escape cultivation. The plant can form large colonies in a single growing season. It prefers rich soil and full sun.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Campanulaceae Stems - Simple, erect, to +/-50cm tall, glabrous to variously pubescent, herbaceous, 4-5 angled.
Leaves - Mostly in lower 1/2 of stem, sessile or short petiolate (near base of stem), spatulate to oblong, rounded at apex, entire to irregularly dentate (margins strigillose to ciliate), +/-5cm long, +/-2cm broad, sparse strigose to glabrous. Inflorescence - Terminal spikiform raceme to +/-35cm long (tall). Each flower subtended by a lance-linear to subulate bract to 1.5cm long, 3mm broad. Bracts typically glabrous. Pedicels to 3mm long, glabrous to pubescent.
Flowers - Resupinate. Corolla whitish to lilac, to 1.3mm long, 5-lobed. Three "upper" lobes to 4.1mm long, 2mm broad, oblanceolate to lanceolate. Two "lower" lobes deflexed to reflexed, 3mm long. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Filaments white, pubescent at base. Anthers purplish-blue, connate around stigma. Stigma purple, bearded at base. Style 1, 5mm long, glabrous, greenish. Ovary ovoid-conic, slightly compressed, green, 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx tube +/-1mm long, 5-lobed. Lobes auricled at base, 3mm long, -1mm broad at base, linear-attenuate. Auricles various. Capsule to 8mm long, +/-4mm in diameter, glabrous to pubescent.
Flowering - May - August. Habitat - Prairies, glades, open woods, bluffs, wet meadows. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This is a highly variable species. The flowers can be bluish to white, the stems can be glabrous to hispid, and the calyx lobes can have variable auricles at their bases. The anthers of the plant can also be variable in color sometimes. Steyermark breaks the species apart into 4 different varieties but these varieties integrade and can be difficult to distinguish so I won't mention them here. Remember, the flowers are inverted (resupinate) on this plant so what looks like the top of the flower is actually the bottom and vice-versa.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Campanulaceae Stems - To 2.2m tall, angled, hairy on angles or not.
Leaves - Alternate, 2-6cm broad, to 15cm long, typically with pubescence on both surfaces - but not always, with some teeth on margins, sessile or on very short petioles, oblong to lanceolate.
Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary racemes, with at least 20 flowers but usually many more. Flowers - Perianth to +/- 3cm long. Corolla white, tubular, with five lobes - two on upper portion, three below. Flowering - August - October.
Habitat - Moist to wet soils. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This plant appears to grow taller than typical L. siphilitica with blue-purple flowers. It is quite striking and I was pleased to find it growing wild at the zoo (just this one plant), since it is uncommon in this state. This is the only time I have seen this plant. Don't confuse this plant with L. spicata which has much smaller flowers and is a generally smaller plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Campanulaceae Stems - To .75m tall, from fibrous roots, herbaceous, erect, typically branching, sparse hirsute, winged(wings to -1mm broad), with milky sap.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile or with short winged petioles, spatulate below, becoming lanceolate to oblong above, pubescent, irregularly crenate-serrate, typically acute, to 7cm long, -3cm broad, reduced above in inflorescence. Teeth of margin typically with minute whitish apices. Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary racemose arrangement of single axillary flowers. Pedicels to 3mm long, puberulent, elongating in fruit to 6mm.
Flowers - Resupinate. Corolla whitish to tinged with blue, to 7mm long, 5-lobed, glabrous. "Upper" three lobes acute, to 3.2mm long, 1.5mm broad. "Lower" two lobes deflexed, acute, to 2.5mm long. Stamens 5, adnate at base of corolla tube. Anthers purple, -2mm long, connate around stigma, visible between lower two corolla lobes. Style 3.5mm long, greenish, glabrous. Ovary 2-locular. Placentation axile. Calyx tube to 2.1mm long(in flower), green, glabrous, 10-nerved, 5-lobed. Lobes spreading to recurved, attenuate, 4-4.5mm long, .7mm broad at base. Fruit an inflated capsule to 8mm long, 5-6mm in diameter. Seeds many, tan. Flowering - June - October.
Habitat - Moist ground, open woods, thickets. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - The species designation obviously comes from the inflated fruits. The plant can be toxic if a significant quantity is eaten. This species is somewhat similar to L. spicata Lam. but the latter has much more elongate spikiform racemes. Because the flowers are twisted on their pedicels (resupinate), what looks like the top of the flower is actually the bottom and vice versa.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Boraginaceae Stems - To +50cm tall, herbaceous, simple to branching above, multiple from taproot, densely antrorse pubescent (hairs appressed), angled.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, linear-oblong to lanceolate, densely appressed pubescent on both surfaces, with prominent midrib below, entire (margins sometimes revolute), to +4cm long, 1cm broad, apex typically acute but also obtuse, apex often curved. Inflorescence - Single flowers from leaf axils, typically sessile.
Flowers - Corolla white, funnelform, 7-8mm long, 4mm broad, 5-lobed, exceeding or equaling calyx, appressed pubescent externally. Lobes 1.5mm long, obtuse. Stamens 5, alternating with corolla lobes and borne from sides of corolla tube near base (all at same level). Anthers yellow, -.5mm long, filaments very short (-.1mm). Nutlets 4. Sepals 5, attached near very base, to 6mm long, 1mm broad, linear, densely pubescent. Fruits very hard and dense, ovoid-conic, 3-4mm long. Flowering - March - July. Habitat - Waste ground, disturbed sites, open fields, roadsides, railroads.
Origin - Native to Eurasia. Other info. - This little plant is quite well established and can be found nearly everywhere in the spring and early summer. If left alone the plant get get taller and form fairly large colonies but typically it is mowed or cut and remains quite small. This is an easy species to identify because of its appressed pubescent stems, small white flowers, and weedy habit.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Apiaceae Stems - To 2m tall, erect, branching in inflorescence, fistulose, glabrous, glaucous, herbaceous, with striate venation, from a big taproot.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, sheathing, ternate, to +45cm broad, +40cm long, glabrous. Petiolules with adaxial grooves. Leaflets oblong-ovate to ovate, coarse serrate, dark green above, lighter green below, acute, to +/-11cm long, +/-6cm broad. Inflorescence - Lateral and terminal compound umbels. Main rays of inflorescence typically subtended by linear lanceolate to trifoliolate bracts. Rays and raylets glabrous. Rays to +/-6cm long, striate. Raylets to +/-2.5cm long. Pedicels to 5mm long in flower. Flowers +/-15 per umbellet.
Flowers - Staminate flowers - Petals 5, white, inflexed at apex, glabrous, clawed, to 2mm long, 1mm broad, apiculate. Stamens 5, spreading, alternating with the petals. Filaments white, glabrous, 1.5mm long. Anthers pale yellow, .4mm broad and long. Styles reduced to a plump stylopodium. Calyx flattened, glabrous, short 5-lobed. Lobes irregular, .2mm long. Pistillate flowers - Style minute, expanded into plump large stylopodium to 1.7mm broad. Caylx lobes slightly longer than in staminate flowers, triangular. Ovary inferior, ribbed, glabrous, 1.1mm long, 1mm broad in flower, 2-carpellate. One ovule per carpel.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Rocky woods, ravines, along creeks, slopes, bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This large member of the carrot family is easy to ID when in flower because of its large size, big leaves, and glaucous stems. Like many plants in this family, L. canadense has a licorice smell when crushed. This species can be found in the Ozark region of Missouri.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月16日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Liliaceae Stems - Aerial stems to +40cm tall, erect, herbaceous, glabrous, fistulose, from a bulb, green.
Leaves - Basal, linear, flat, to +40cm long, equaling or exceeding the aerial stems, glabrous, dark green. Inflorescence - Terminal clusters of 2-7 flowers. Clusters subtended by and partially surrounded by a green bract. The bract to 5cm long, glabrous. Pedicels to +6cm long. Flowers pendant.
Flowers - Tepals 6, white with a green spot at the apex, glabrous, to 2cm long, -1cm broad, oblong-elliptic. Stamens 6. Style 1, exceeding the stamens. Ovary inferior, 3-locular, with many ovules. Flowering - April - May. Habitat - Commonly cultivated. Escaped around old homesites and in disturbed sites.
Origin - Native to Europe. Other info. - This distinctive species has only been found growing wild in two Missouri counties (Boone and St. Charles) but is cultivated throughout the state. In warmer states to the east the plant is much more common as an escape. The plant is easy to ID in the field becasue of its flat leaves and green-spotted flowers. Like many of the lilies, this species is toxic if ingested.
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