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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - To 1.5m tall, branching, glabrous, glaucous, herbaceous.
Leaves - Alternate, trifoliolate, at least some with petiole .2-1.5cm long. Leaflets oblong, oblanceolate, or narrowly obovate, +/-6cm long, 2cm broad, glabrous, glaucous below, entire, minutely mucronate(-1mm long). Center leaflet sessile or on stalk shorter than lateral leaflets. Stipules to +1cm long, glabrous, erect, +2mm wide. Inflorescence - An axillary raceme to +30(50)cm long (high). Flowers - White, pedicillate, 2-3cm long, papilionaceous. Calyx tube not more than 1/2 the length of the corolla, cylindrical, typically -1cm long. Stamens 10. Fruits inflated, cylindrical, 2.5-4cm long, 1-1.5cm wide, many seeded, with beak at apex +/-5mm long.
Flowering - May - July. Habitat - Roadsides, railroads, wet low ground, prairies, pastures. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This plant is typically taller than other species of Baptisia in Missouri. It is an attractive plant when flowering and is sometimes cultivated. The genus name comes from the Greek word "bapto" which means "to dye" because some of the darker flowered species were used as dyes. A synonym is B. lactea (Raf.) Thieret.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Multiple from base, from a taproot and branched caudex, ascending to erect, branching, herbaceous, glabrescent below, with antrorse appressed hairs above,(more dense in young plants), often reddish, to 50cm tall.
Leaves - Alternate, odd-pinnate, stipulate. Stipules to 1cm long, 5mm broad at base, with scarious margins, acute to acuminate, glabrous but with papillate margins. Leaflets opposite to subopposite, +/-10 pairs per leaf, to 1.5cm long, 7-8mm broad, rounded at apex, oblong to oblong-ovate, entire but with cilia on margins, glabrous above, sericeous below, with short petiolules. Petiolules to 1mm long, pilose. Inflorescence - Axillary long-pedunculate racemes. Peduncles to +/-7cm long, sericeous. Pedicels to 2mm long, densely sericeous to appressed pubescent. Raceme to +/-5cm long(tall). Each flower subtended by a minute lanceolate bract. Bracts to 3mm long, 1mm broad at base, with green midvein. Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, creamy white. Standard to 1.9cm long, 8mm broad at apex, glabrous. Keels apically connate and purplish at apex, folded around style and stamens. Stamens diadelphous. Filaments glabrous, white, to 1.3cm long. Anthers orange-red, .7mm long. Ovary green, 3-4mm long, terete, glabrous. Style greenish white, 1.1cm long, apically curved upward, glabrous. Calyx creamy white to yellowish-green, 1cm long, 3-4mm in diameter, tomentose externally, glabrous internally, 5-toothed. Teeth to -2mm long, acute, unequal. Top 2 teeth more triangular then the lower 3. Fruits plump, +/-2cm in diameter, subglobose, reddish-purple when ripe, glabrous.
Flowering - March - May. Habitat - Rocky open woods, glades, bluffs, rocky prairies. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This is an attractive species which can be found in the lower 2/3 of the state. The plant prefers dry open areas. It should be cultivated more frequently. This species is easy to ID while in flower because of its tomentose calices, whitish flowers, and plumlike fruits. The fruits of this species can be eaten raw or cooked while green and unripe. Our plants belong to variety trichocalyx (Nutt.) Fern. A synonym for this species is A. crassicarpus var. trichocalyx (Nutt.) Barneby.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月14日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Fabaceae Stems - Multiple from base, erect, divaricately branching, reddish in strong sun, herbaceous, fistulose, from rhizomes, appressed pubescent. Hairs of stem running parallel to axis of stem, attached in the middle (=malpighaceous).
Leaves - Alternate, odd pinnate, stipulate. Stipules attenuate, to 5mm long, pubescent. Leaflets opposite, 13-20 pairs per leaf, mucronate, entire, elliptic to lance-oblong, appressed bifurcate pubescent above and below (less so above), gradually decreasing in size towards tip of leaf. The larger leaflets 1.3cm wide, 3cm long. Petiolules to 1.5mm long. Inflorescence - Axillary racemes to +/-15cm long(high), 30-70 flowered. Peduncle carinate, pubescent. Pedicels 1.1mm long, each subtended by a linear-attenuate bract to 6mm long. Flowers - Corolla papilionaceous, creamy white to greenish white or with a tinge of lilac, to 2cm long. Standard 6mm broad, notched at apex, 1.4cm long. Keel petals with purplish spots at apex. Stamens diadelphous. Anthers yellow, .5mm long. Filaments glabrous. Ovary green, 5mm long, terete, very sparse pubescent. Style white, to +7mm long, glabrous, upcurved. Calyx tube less than half the length of the corolla, pubescent, whitish-green, 5-lobed. Lobes to 2mm long, acute. Fruits inflated, to 1.1cm long, beaked with persistent style, typically glabrous, 2-valved, with +/-10 seeds. Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Thickets, wet lowlands, pastures, prairies, upland woods, waste ground. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This species can be found throughout Missouri and is absent only from the extreme southeastern portion of the state. The plant is easy to identify while in flower but vegetatively it can be mistaken for many other plants. It is the most common Astragalus in Missouri. This species grows about as wide as tall and would make an excellent specimen garden plant.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asteraceae Stems - Single or multiple from the base, from many long slightly thickened roots, with sterile leafy offshoots and erect fertile stems, branching, striate, hirsute to pilose, herbaceous, terete, to 1m tall. Hairs of the stem multicellular (use a lens to see), dense, to +2-3mm long, spreading.
Leaves - Alternate. Basal leaves petiolate, spatulate, to 20cm long (with petiole). Petiole winged (the wings erect and creating an adaxial groove), pilose. Blades of the basal leaves coarse serrate, to +3.5cm broad, appressed pubescent above and below, acute, elliptic (narrowly). Margins antrorse ciliolate. Major veins of leaf parallel to the midrib. Cauline leaves reduced upward, becoming sessile, entire, narrowly elliptic to linear, ciliate at the base, with spreading pubescence abaxially, antrorse appressed pubescent adaxially. Inflorescence - Paniculate arrangement of flower heads. Heads pedunculate. Peduncles to +1cm long, each subtended by a foliaceous bract, densely pilose. Stems in the inflorescence densely pilose. Involucre - Cylindric, 5-6mm tall, 3-4mm in diameter. Phyllaries apically acuminate to attenuate, with green spreading apices (the very tip hardened, sharp, and translucent), subulate, translucent but with a green midrib and apex, 4-5mm long, 1mm broad, mostly glabrous internally and externally but with some glands externally near the apex. Apical margins minutely glandular serrate (use a lens to see). Ray flowers - +/-30 per flower head, fertile, pistillate. Ligules white, to 1cm long, 1-2mm broad, minutely notched at the apex (use a lens to see), glabrous. Corolla tube sparsely pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Style exserted, yellowish at the apex, bifurcate. Stigmas 1mm long. Disk flowers - Disk 5-8mm broad. Corollas 4-5mm long, 5-lobed, glabrous internally and externally, yellowish in apical half, greenish basally. Lobes erect, acute, 1.1mm long, yellowish to reddish with age, glabrous. Stamens 5, exserted, adnate in middle of the corolla tube. Filaments thin, glabrous, white to yellowish. Anthers yellow, connate around the style, -2mm long. Style green basally, glabrous, exserted, purple and bifurcate apically. Receptacle flat and naked.
Flowering - August - November. Habitat - Dry soils of fallow fields, meadows, prairies, glades, rocky open ground, gravel bars, roadsides, railroads, waste ground, disturbed sites. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This highly variable species is common and found throughout Missouri. It is one of the most common Asters in the eastern U.S. The plant can have glabrous to hirsute stems and leaves and variably shaped leaves. Steyermark separates the species into 3 varieties and several forms based on pubescence and leaf shape. The plant described above is A. pilosus var. pilosus f. pilosus. A glabrous variety, var. demotus Blake is perhaps the most common variety in the state which can lead to confusion when trying to differentiate this species from other in the genus. The hardened, sharp apices of the involucre are a good characteristic for field identification.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Asclepiadaceae Stems - To +1m tall, densely pubescent in upper 1/2, sparse pubescent to glabrous below, herbaceous, simple, erect to ascending, from a thick taproot, with milky sap, often reddish in strong sun.
Leaves - Alternate, short-petiolate, dense on stem. Petiole to 7mm long, scabrous. Blade linear-lanceolate, entire, to +13cm long, 1.5cm broad, scabrous on margins and midrib. Margins thickened and often reddish. Inflorescence - Axillary umbellate cymes with +/-60 flowers. Peduncles dense pubescent. Pedicels hispidulous, to +/-1.5cm long in flower. Cymes subtended by linear bracts to 6mm long. Bracts pubescent. Flowers - Petals 5, reflexed, to 5mm long, 1.5mm broad, glabrous or very sparse pubescent, greenish white and purplish at apex. Anther head 3mm long(tall), 2.2mm in diameter. Pollinia 1.4mm long. Hoods 2.1mm long, whitish with purple tinge at base, appressed and attached to column for most of length. Carpels 2, 2.1mm long, glabrous. Sepals 5, reflexed, ovate, 2.1mm long, 1.2mm broad, hispidulous externally, glabrous internally, reddish at apex. Follicles fusiform, erect, to +12cm long, +/-1cm in diameter, pubescent. Seeds to 9mm long. Coma whitish, to +3cm long. Flowering - May - August.
Habitat - Prairies, glades, and pastures. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - I placed this species in the white flowers section of this site because from a distance the entire inflorescence has a whitish appearance. Close up, however, the flowers have a definite purplish-green tinge. This species is easy to ID in the field because of its stout pubescent stems, many flowered inflorescences, and linear lanceolate leaves (which are alternate). The plant is common throughout most of the state except for apparently some areas of the Ozarks.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Papaveraceae Stems - From a massive woody taproot, erect, herbaceous but stout, to +1m tall, single or multiple from the base, terete, glaucous, with a moderate number of needle-like prickles, with yellow latex sap, simple below, branching in the apical 1/2.
Leaves - Alternate, sessile, auriculate, pinnately lobed, to +/-15cm long, +/-7cm broad, reduced upward, oblanceolate in outline. Lobes (opposing) generally as long as the solid portion of leaf tissue between them, to 3cm long, 2cm broad, with straight prickles (to 3mm long) on the coarse teeth of the margins. Straight prickles on the veins of the leaf abaxially. Veins of the leaf greatly expressed below. Leaf tissue generally glabrous, dull green adaxially, lighter below. Auricles rounded, partially enclosing the stem, with prickles. Inflorescence - Cymose arrangement of large showy flowers from the upper leaf axils. Each division of the inflorescence subtended by a reduced leaf (bract). Pedicels 5-10cm long, glaucous, with a few prickles. Flowers - Petals 6, white, distinct, obtriangular, to 6cm broad, +4cm long, glabrous, yellowish at the base, with the apical margin fringed or crenulate. Stamens many (+100), from below the pistil, ascending. Filaments yellow, clavate, glabrous. Anthers falcate, basifixed, 3-4mm long, .6mm broad, longitudinally dehiscing. Ovary 8mm long, 4mm broad in flower, ovoid, quickly enlarging, with dense antrorse prickles, unilocular. Placentation parietal. Stigma capitate, maroon, 4mm broad. Style absent. Sepals caducous. Fruit to 4cm long, -2cm broad, 5-ridged, bluish-green, with many antrorse prickles, with many seeds. Seeds tuberculate, globose, 2-2.5mm in diameter, with an obvious caruncle.
Argemone albiflora flower Flowering - May - September. Habitat - Waste ground, roadsides, railroads. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This striking species can be found in a handful of Missouri counties. It is easily recognized by its large white flowers and prickly stems, leaves, and fruits. A similar species, A. mexicana is practically identical but has bright yellow flowers. This latter species can be found in the Yellow Flowers Alternate Leaves section of this website.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Araliaceae Stems - Herbaceous, from a large taproot, to 20cm tall, erect, pubescent, green to purple.
Leaves - Ternately divided, purple at the nodes, petiolate. Petioles to +5cm long. Terminal leaflet with a longer petiolule than the lateral leaflets. Leaflets ovate, acuminate, serrate(sometimes double), oblique to cordate or truncate at the base, dull green and short pubescent above, silvery green and short pubescent(mostly on veins) below, to 20cm long, +/-13cm broad. Inflorescence - Axillary thrysoid panicle of umbellets to +/-20cm long(tall), 6-7cm in diameter. Axis sparse pubescent. Some of the divisions of the inflorescence subtended by small linear bracts. Bracts to +/-3mm long. Umbellets with +/-10 flowers. Pedicels to 6mm long. Umbellets subtended by minute bracts to 2mm long. Flowers - Petals 5, triangular, whitish, glabrous, 1.1mm long, spreading to recurved, to 1.5mm long. Stamens 5, alternating with the petals, erect. Filaments white, glabrous, 1.1mm long. Anthers whitish, .5mm long. Ovary 5-locular, inferior, ovule per locule. Styles very short, .5mm long, 5, joined at the base. Receptacle closed by an enlarged nectary. Hypanthium pubescent at the base but mostly glabrous, -1.3mm long, greenish-white. Sepals .1mm long, triangular. Drupes globose, glabrous, blackish, to 6mm in diameter.
Flowering - June - August. Habitat - Rich wooded slopes, ravines, moist ledges and bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - This interesting species can be found in many parts of Missouri but seems to be absent from the Great Plains region. The plant grows wider than tall and is easily recognized while in flower.
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Dummer. ゛☀
2017年07月13日
Dummer. ゛☀
Family - Brassicaceae Stems - To 50cm tall, erect to decumbent, typically simple but also sometimes branching in upper 1/2, herbaceous, from a thin taproot or fibrous roots, purplish-green, fairly densely pubescent with branching and stellate hairs.
Leaves - Alternate. Basal leaves petiolate. Petioles to +2cm long. Blades coarsely and irregularly dentate, to +10cm long, +4cm broad, spatulate to broadly obovate, slightly pubescent with branching and stellate hairs. Cauline leaves sessile, auriculate-clasping, to +5cm long, +2cm broad, coarsely and irregularly dentate, densely stellate pubescent below, glabrous above, oblanceolate to broadly oblong, acute. Margins ciliolate. Inflorescence - Terminal and axillary racemes, compact in flower, much elongated in fruit, to +20cm tall(long). Pedicels to 2m long in flower,(to 5mm in fruit), pubescent with simple and branching hairs. Flowers - Petals 4, free, white, to 2.5mm long, 1mm broad, glabrous. Stamens 6. Filaments to 2mm long. Anthers yellow. Ovary longer than broad, terete, stellate pubescent. Sepals 4, free, 2mm long, 1mm broad, linear-subulate, brownish-green, sparsely stellate pubescent. Margins slightly lighter in color. Siliques terete, to 4cm long, stellate pubescent, spreading basically perpendicular to axis of inflorescence or ascending with maturity. Flowering - April - June.
Habitat - Moist ground along streams, low woods, and bluffs. Origin - Native to U.S. Other info. - According to Steyermark there are two varieties of this species in Missouri. Variety Shortii has pubescent ovaries and fruit. Variety phalacarpa (M. Hopkins) Steyerm. has glabrous fruits and ovaries. Both varieties are fairly common in the state.
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